Nowhere in any of those chapters did the manual say something like “Hey, fetchurl returns a derivation,” which…
Nowhere in any of those chapters did the manual say something like “Hey, fetchurl returns a derivation,” which is an insight that I find very important. Pkgs.mkShell is a special kind of derivation that is only useful when using it combined with nix-shell. There’s another function called linkFarm, undocumented in the manual, which operates like symlinkJoin, but provides a different output structure. But these are not the only functions in trivial-builders.nix. These paths can be to Nix store derivations or any other subdirectory contained within.
This can be used to put many derivations into the same directory structure. This one feels pretty unnecessary to me, but rg tells me that it’s used a ton in the nixos/ subdirectory, and in a couple places elsewhere. It’s weird that we don’t just… it’s weird that we passAsFile and then mv. It doesn’t just disable downloading the output of this derivation – as I would have expected – but also all of its dependencies? It seems like something I should use, when writing my own derivations, when I do not actually depend on cc (which I almost always will not). I am also assuming that it’s run with the same PATH that source $stdenv/setup would give you.
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That can’t be the right way to find documentation, but it’s what I’ve always done. Searching for “set” gives thousands of results, but searching for “ set” only gives a few irrelevant results before you find the one you want. I do it by running man bash and then / set. I honestly don’t know the right answer. So if you’re curious what it does, you need to find the documentation for the set builtin. Man bash does not document -n as a flag, because it seems -n is short for set -n before the script.
Over round occurs when the sum of the implied probabilities for all possible event results is above 100%, whereas the vigorish is the bookmaker’s percentage profit on the total stakes made on the event. This is accomplished by incentivizing their clientele to wager offsetting amounts on all potential outcomes of the event. This determination does not have to be 100% rock solid, as it only comes into play when nix expression writers make a mistake.
This would the perfect place to explain how these fetchers work, though, so let’s see if the manual does that. I only know that fetchurl returns a derivation because I read the source of fetchurl. Now, I could update my understanding of the term derivation based on this new information, but I’m not going to. I’ve simply been busy, and finding myself less intrinsically motivated to read the Nixpkgs manual than I was when I was reading the Nix manual.
Also, it’s sort of confusing to use the term “building derivations.” I take it here to mean, like, constructing derivations. See, but the “fetchers” are also functions that help with building derivations, but you never said that. Nixpkgs provides a couple of functions that help with building derivations. Or to be persnickety about the language, they evaluate to fixed-output derivations.
A Dockerfile says “run this command and then that command, in that order, to build the environment.” A Nix configuration says “Here is what the environment is supposed to look like, go make it so.” If you want to prickle the hackles on a Nix devotee, say “Why don’t you just use Docker? Docker is the insufficient cure to the software dependency disease. A tricky part is that people might refer to all of these things, or some of them, or just one at a time, as “Nix”. Again, all it means is that what you put in (the description of what your environment should look like) is exactly what you get out.
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The manual describes support in Nixpkgs for AppImage, Docker, OCI, and Snap images. And I would bet pretty good money that no regular Nix user (as opposed to an aspiring Nixpkgs maintainer) has ever actually read this manual in such detail before. Instead, this incredibly useful thing is hidden in this weird “Special Builders” chapter of the Nixpkgs manual. I think as soon as you introduce nix-shell -p, you gotta introduce mkShell right after it.
I don’t really understand what this comment means. But the manual has never mentioned it before. Then we have runCommandCC, which puts cc in your environment.
But I assume, based on that note, that it’s not going to work on my mac. But NixOS does not adhere to this convention, and thus packages that expect it will probably be disappointed. This is a convention that some Linuxes adhere to, and some packages expect.
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Similarly, it’s important to modify the various prefetching commands to produce the relevant nix database associations, so that the fetchers they are meant to be compatible with will reuse the prefetched objects without complaint. If this field is not specified, then no entry is produced in the nix database, nor are the existing ones checked, just like the current behavior. Nix can throw away the result of the FOD, and reuse the existing store path, but only after running it to verify that it does produce an output with the same hash as what is already present. Bring it with you on a plane sometime. I asked ChatGPT to give me an analogy comparing Nix and Docker, and it said if your software is a sandwich, Nix is like a recipe and Docker is like a lunchbox.
This post is part of the series How to Learn Nix, a rambling diary in which I work my way through the Nix manual in excrutiating detail. For comparison, for over round calculation only the upper part of the equation is used, leading to slightly higher percentage results than the vigorish calculation. No consistent definition of the percentage a bettor pays due to vigorish can be made without first defining the bettor’s behavior under juiced odds and assuming a win-percentage for the bettor. This direct betting approach implies that both parties accept the counterparty risk, acknowledging the possibility that the losing party may not honor the payment upon the event’s conclusion, a risk typically mitigated by a bookmaker through the payment of vigorish. It is simplest to assume that vigorish is factored in proportionally to the true odds, although this need not be the case.
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But the manual doesn’t say that. The manual says that it writes a text file. I don’t believe that.
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My understanding so far is that helpers like fetchurl don’t “fetch” derivations. It’s essentially a hybrid of floating ca and fixed-output derivations. What we all want is REPRODUCIBILITY which means I want to specify EXACTLY what dependencies my software environment needs and I want them to deploy EXACTLY THE SAME WAY every time on every machine. It has a wide range of games from leading providers, enhanced by various casino bonuses that start with the welcome offer. The casino is constantly adding new providers to the list, ensuring that players always get the latest and greatest games.