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Chronic Kidney Disease

"Chronic" refers to something that develops gradually and worsens with time. Chronic renal disease is the same; your kidneys remove waste from your body. However, when the kidneys are injured, they are unable to filter the blood. This waste material builds in your body over time, causing chronic kidney disease and, in severe cases, kidney failure if not treated promptly.

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What is Chronic Kidney Disease?

Our kidneys, as we all know, are the principal organs that filter blood. Its primary function is to maintain the body's salt and mineral balance. Unfortunately, kidney impairment causes it to fail to filter the blood and can lead to additional health problems.

Furthermore, chronic kidney disease is a gradual and untraceable process. As a result, it is preferable to comprehend this illness and correctly diagnose it. In this article, we will look at CKD symptoms, causes, and treatment options.

What are the most common causes of chronic renal disease?

Chronic kidney disease is caused only by two factors:

  • Diabetes develops when your blood sugar levels remain abnormally high. Uncontrolled blood sugar levels may cause long-term damage to your kidneys, heart, blood vessels, nerves, and eyes, among other organs.
  • High blood pressure occurs when your blood pressure strikes the walls of your blood vessels, creating a force that results in high blood pressure. If unregulated or poorly regulated, it can play a substantial role in heart attacks, strokes, and chronic renal illness.
Other factors that can harm your kidneys include:

Autoimmune diseases: autoimmune disease occurs when the body's defensive mechanism, the immune system, fails to eradicate it. "Lupus nephritis" is an inflammatory condition that causes inflammation (swelling or scarring) of the tiny blood vessels that filter wastes in your kidney.

Glomerulonephritis is a category of disorders that cause inflammation and damage to the kidney's filtering units.

Inherited disorders include PKD (Polycystic kidney disease), a prevalent hereditary disorder that causes the creation of large cysts in the kidneys and affects the surrounding tissue.

Abnormalities of the kidneys and urinary tract during pregnancy: Congenital impairments that develop when a baby is growing inside its mother's womb. For example, a constriction may occur, limiting normal urine outflow and forcing urine to flow back up to the kidney. This causes infections and may affect the kidneys.

What are the symptoms of chronic renal disease?

CKD, like many other diseases, has extremely common symptoms that must be identified. The following are warning indications that should not be ignored. These symptoms are not severe but can lead to kidney failure if not treated on time.

  • chest pain
  • dry skin
  • itching or numbness
  • feeling tired
  • headaches
  • increased or decreased urination
  • loss of appetite
  • muscle cramps
  • nausea
  • shortness of breath
  • sleep problems
  • trouble concentrating
  • vomiting
  • weight loss
What are the tests for chronic renal disease?

To execute the proper CKD therapy, you must consult a professional. He will, however, focus the same thing we are talking here. The following tests must be performed in order to determine whether or not you have CKD.

GFR: A glomerular filtration rate (GFR) blood test determines how well your kidneys are working. The glomeruli in your kidneys are microscopic filters. These filters aid in the removal of excess fluid and waste from the blood. A GFR test examines the amount of blood that flows past these filters each minute.

Based on the results of the tests and other criteria such as age and gender, your doctor will calculate your Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR). The GFR test is the most precise approach to measure your kidney function and stage of renal disease.

Urine albumin to creatinine ratio test: An albumin blood test evaluates your overall health as well as the functionality of your liver and kidneys. If your liver is injured or malnourished, the amount of albumin it generates may be insufficient. If your kidneys are injured, too much albumin may travel through your urine (pee).

A variety of blood tests, including an albumin blood test, are commonly used to assess numerous proteins, enzymes, and other substances produced in your liver. A comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP), a combination of conventional blood tests that monitors a variety of substances, could also include an albumin test.

The presence of albumin, a protein that should not be present in urine, indicates that the kidneys are not functioning properly.

Urinalysis: It is a blood test for creatinine that checks for blood in a sample of your urine (pee). You may observe blood in your pee on occasion. As a result, your urine may turn crimson or reddish brown. However, there could be undetectable amounts of blood in your pee. A urinalysis can detect blood cells as well as other types of cells, substances, and objects in your urine.

Blood in the urine isn't always a big deal. Red or white blood cells in your urine may indicate a urinary tract infection (UTI), renal sickness, or liver disease, among other disorders. This detects whether the blood contains an abnormally high level of the waste product "creatinine."