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Kidney disease, also known as Chronic kidney disease (CKD), often overlooked, poses a greater threat than breast cancer or prostate cancer, according to the NVS 2021 report derived from 2018 data.
It is imperative to raise awareness, promote early detection, and prioritize comprehensive care to confront this pervasive yet often silent threat to public health.
Kidney disease, also known as renal disease, refers to a variety of conditions that affect the proper functioning of the kidneys. These crucial organs play a fundamental role in filtering waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood, which are then excreted through urine. When the kidneys are damaged or are unable to perform these functions effectively, waste products can build up in the body, leading to various complications and potential health risks.
Kidney disease can range from mild to severe and may be acute (sudden onset) or chronic (long-term). Some common causes of kidney disease include high blood pressure, diabetes, infections, kidney stones, autoimmune diseases, genetic disorders, and certain medications. Additionally, factors such as aging, a family history of kidney disease, and certain lifestyle habits can contribute to the development of kidney problems.
Symptoms of kidney disease can vary depending on the specific type and stage of the condition. Some common signs and symptoms of kidney disease include:
This can include increased or decreased frequency of urination, changes in the color of urine, blood in the urine, foamy or bubbly urine, or difficulty urinating.
The kidneys play a vital role in regulating fluid balance in the body. When they are not functioning correctly, excess fluid can build up, leading to swelling in the hands, feet, ankles, or face.
When the kidneys are unable to filter waste products effectively, it can result in a buildup of toxins in the body, leading to fatigue, weakness, and a general feeling of being unwell.
Excess fluid in the body due to kidney dysfunction can also accumulate in the lungs, leading to difficulty breathing or shortness of breath.
A buildup of waste products in the bloodstream can cause feelings of nausea, vomiting, and a loss of appetite.
Kidney disease can lead to a decrease in appetite and a change in taste, resulting in a metallic taste in the mouth or a persistent bad breath.
Electrolyte imbalances and mineral deficiencies caused by kidney dysfunction can lead to muscle cramps, particularly in the legs.
Individuals with kidney disease may experience difficulty sleeping, restless leg syndrome, or an overall feeling of discomfort during the night.
If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, especially if they are persistent or severe, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Early detection and management of kidney disease can help prevent further complications and improve overall health outcomes.
There are several types of kidney diseases, each with its own set of causes, symptoms, and treatment approaches. Some common types of kidney disease include.
CKD is a long-term condition where the kidneys gradually lose their function over time. It is often caused by conditions like high blood pressure and diabetes.
AKI is a sudden loss of kidney function often caused by an abrupt reduction in blood flow to the kidneys, direct damage to the kidneys, or obstruction of the urinary tract.
PKD is an inherited disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys, eventually leading to kidney enlargement and impairing their function.
This condition involves inflammation of the glomeruli, the tiny filters in the kidneys responsible for filtering waste and excess fluids from the blood.
Kidney stones are hard deposits that form in the kidneys and can be painful when passed through the urinary tract.
UTIs can affect any part of the urinary tract, including the kidneys, and may lead to kidney infections if not promptly treated.
Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder that causes the body to excrete too much protein in the urine, resulting in swelling, high cholesterol levels, and increased blood clotting risk.
Interstitial nephritis is an inflammation of the kidney's interstitial tissue, often caused by an allergic reaction to medications or infections.
Kidney cysts on the other hand, are fluid-filled sacs that form on the kidneys
Kidney failure, also known as renal failure, refers to a condition in which the kidneys lose their ability to adequately filter waste products and excess fluids from the blood.
Each type of kidney disease requires specific management and treatment, and it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate care. Early detection and treatment can help slow the progression of kidney disease and improve overall health outcomes.
Early Stage Kidney Disease (Stages 1-3)
Late Stage Kidney Disease (Stages 4-5)
Kidney disease can be caused by a variety of factors, including medical conditions, lifestyle choices, and genetic predispositions. Some common causes of kidney disease include:
Uncontrolled or poorly managed diabetes can lead to damage to the small blood vessels in the kidneys over time, affecting their ability to filter waste from the blood.
Persistent high blood pressure can put excessive strain on the blood vessels in the kidneys, leading to their gradual deterioration and impairment of function.
Glomerulonephritis is an inflammation of the kidney's filtering units, the glomeruli, which can be caused by infections, autoimmune diseases, or other underlying health conditions.
PKD is an inherited disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys, leading to their enlargement and eventual impairment of function.
Infections of the kidneys, such as pyelonephritis, can cause damage to the kidney tissue and impair their ability to function properly.
Blockages in the urinary tract, such as kidney stones or tumors, can prevent the normal flow of urine, leading to kidney damage or infection.
Prolonged use of certain medications can cause kidney damage, particularly when used in high doses or over extended periods.
Conditions like lupus and other autoimmune disorders can cause inflammation in the kidneys, leading to kidney damage over time.
Exposure to certain toxins or heavy metals, such as lead or cadmium, can result in kidney damage and impairment of their function.
As individuals age, the kidneys may naturally lose some of their functioning capacity, making older adults more susceptible to kidney disease.
Managing these risk factors, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and seeking timely medical care can help prevent or slow the progression of kidney disease. It is essential to consult a healthcare professional for guidance on appropriate preventive measures and treatments tailored to individual needs.
Several tests are commonly used to check kidney function and assess the overall health of the kidneys. Some of these tests include:
These tests, in combination with a comprehensive evaluation of medical history and symptoms, can help healthcare professionals diagnose kidney issues, monitor kidney function over time, and develop appropriate treatment plans. If you have concerns about your kidney health or any related symptoms, it is important to consult a healthcare provider for proper assessment and guidance.
Treatment for kidney disease can vary depending on the specific type and stage of the condition. Some common types of kidney disease treatments include:
It is important to consult a healthcare professional or a nephrologist to determine the most appropriate treatment plan based on the specific type and stage of kidney disease. Early detection and management can help slow the progression of kidney disease and improve overall health outcomes.
You should consider seeing a kidney doctor, also known as a kidney specialist or nephrologist, if you experience any of the following situations:
If you struggle to manage persistent high blood pressure, consulting a nephrologist can provide specialized guidance for controlling your blood pressure and preventing kidney damage.
For individuals with diabetes, regular visits to a nephrologist are crucial to monitor kidney function, as diabetes is a leading cause of kidney disease.
If your urine tests consistently show the presence of protein, a nephrologist can help identify the underlying cause and determine if it is indicative of kidney damage.
If you notice blood in your urine, consulting a nephrologist can help investigate potential kidney-related issues and provide appropriate management.
Persistent or frequent kidney infections can signal underlying kidney problems that require specialized care from a nephrologist.
If you have a family history of kidney disease, regular visits to a nephrologist can help monitor your kidney function and assess any potential risks.
If you have been diagnosed with CKD, collaborating with a nephrologist regularly is essential for managing the condition and slowing its progression.
If you experience persistent electrolyte imbalances, such as high potassium or low calcium levels, a nephrologist can provide specialized guidance and treatment.
Seeking the expertise of a nephrologist can help you understand your kidney health status, manage existing kidney conditions, and take preventive measures to protect your kidneys from further damage. If you notice any symptoms or conditions related to kidney function, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional, who can assess your situation and provide personalized guidance and treatment.
Alternative treatments for kidney disease often complement traditional medical approaches and may include the following:
Herbal Supplements: Some herbal supplements, such as astragalus, dandelion root, and turmeric, are believed to have properties that support kidney function and overall kidney health. However, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional before incorporating any herbal supplements into your regimen, as some may interact with medications or have adverse effects.
Acupuncture and Acupressure: These traditional Chinese medicine practices may help alleviate symptoms associated with kidney disease, such as pain, nausea, and fatigue.
Dietary Changes: Incorporating specific foods known to support kidney health, such as berries, cabbage, garlic, and olive oil, can be beneficial. Additionally, limiting the intake of processed foods, salt, and sugar can help reduce the workload on the kidneys.
Yoga and Meditation: Engaging in yoga and meditation practices can help reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and improve overall well-being, which may have a positive impact on kidney health.
Dietary Supplements: Certain dietary supplements, such as vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, and probiotics, may help support overall health and well-being. However, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional before taking any supplements, as they may interact with medications or have side effects.
Ayurvedic Medicine: Ayurvedic treatments may involve a combination of herbal remedies, dietary changes, and lifestyle modifications tailored to the individual's specific constitution and condition.
Ayurveda is often considered beneficial for kidney disease treatment due to several reasons:
While Ayurveda can offer valuable insights and treatments for kidney disease, it is crucial to consult a qualified Ayurvedic practitioner or healthcare professional to ensure a comprehensive and integrated approach to treatment. Integrating Ayurvedic principles with conventional medical care can provide a holistic and well-rounded approach to managing kidney disease and improving overall well-being.
Dr. Puru Dhawan is a prominent Ayuvedic Nephrologist known for his significant contributions to the field of kidney care and research. Dr. Puru Dhawan served as the Ayuvedic Nephrologist at the SRIAAS, where he played a crucial role in advancing the organization's mission to improve kidney health and reduce the impact of kidney disease.
Dr. Puru Dhawan has been actively involved in various initiatives aimed at promoting kidney disease awareness, prevention, and treatment. His work has focused on raising awareness about chronic kidney disease (CKD) and advocating for early detection and intervention to slow its progression. He has also been involved in educational programs and campaigns to increase public understanding of kidney health and the importance of early screening for kidney disease risk factors.
In addition to his role at the SRIAAS, Dr. Puru Dhawan has been involved in clinical practice and academic research, contributing to the advancement of nephrology knowledge and patient care. His expertise and leadership have made him a respected figure in the field of nephrology, and he has been recognized for his dedication to improving kidney health and patient outcomes.
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